The number of prisoners in prison for violent extremist and terrorist offences is believed to be increasing globally.3 There is concern that such prisoners may spread extremist ideologies among the prison population and a fear that radicalised detainees will engage in extremist activities on release. The treatment of these prisoners is a defining issue for prison services who must fulfil human rights obligations, ensure their rehabilitation and reintegration, and maintain the safety and security of all prisoners in their care. The multi-faceted role that prison services, civil society and government can play in identifying and preventing radicalisation in prison is hugely important and yet to date little research has been done. In order to generate discussion and to share international and regional experiences, Penal Reform International (PRI) held a roundtable on preventing radicalisation in prisons in Amman, Jordan on 2 and 3 December 2015. This two day roundtable was attended by over 30 representatives from prison authorities, ministries, embassies, Inter-Governmental Organisations, national and international Non-Governmental Organisations and research institutes. Participants came from India, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Kuwait, Morocco, the Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Saudi Arabia, Switzerland, Tanzania, Tunisia, the United Kingdom and Yemen. The following is a summary of proceedings setting out some of the key issues that emerged during the wide-ranging discussion, looking at some of the international practice that was shared during the meeting and concluding with some practical recommendations for future action.